Predicting breast cancer risk and its association to biopsychosocial factors among Taiwanese women with a family history of breast cancer: an investigation based on the Gail model

Table 4 Evaluation the risk of breast cancer according to the biopsychosocial factors stratified by age

Variables	Outcome: High-Risk
	Women < 50 years old		Women ≥ 50 years old
	OR (95% CI)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Biological factors
Having pregnancy
Yes	Ref	0.001	Ref	0.122
No	0.19 (0.07 to 0.53)		1.33 (0.93 to 1.89)
Age at 1st pregnancy
< 35	Ref	0.055	Ref	0.021
≥ 35	3.11 (0.97 to 9.89)		2.69 (1.16 to 6.27)
Birth experience
Yes	Ref	< 0.001	Ref	0.044
No	0.15 (0.06 to 0.41)		1.39 (1.01 to 1.93)
Breastfeeding practice
Yes	Ref		Ref
No	0.70 (0.42 to 1.18)	0.182	1.04 (0.83 to 1.30)	0.729
Never	0.62 (0.17 to 2.18)	0.452	7.65 (4.67 to 12.54)	< 0.001
Menopause
No	Ref	0.040	Ref
Yes	1.89 (1.03 to 3.49)		0.91 (0.69 to 1.19)	0.504
Psychological and behavioral factors
Secondhand smoke
No	Ref	0.047	Ref	0.052
Yes	0.23 (1.16 to 6.27)		0.59 (0.34 to 1.00)
Exercise
Yes	Ref	0.599	Ref	0.904
No	1.15 (0.68 to 1.95)		1.01 (0.82 to 1.26)
Social factors
Marital Status
Married	Ref	0.820	Ref	0.135
Unmarried	0.78 (0.09 to 6.37)		1.39 (0.90 to 2.14)
Educational level
Primary school	Ref	0.122	Ref	< 0.001
High school or above	4.79 (0.66 to 34.6)		2.43 (1.72 to 3.43)
Job experience
Yes	Ref	0.540	Ref	< 0.001
No	1.18 (0.70 to 1.97)		1.58 (1.23 to 2.03)

ISSN: 1755-8794