Fig. 7

Increased gene expression of AKT1 and ISG15 in the nasopharynx of moderate/severe COVID-19 patients as compared to COVID-19 negative individuals. CTL = Cytotoxic T lymphocytes, MC = Mast cell, moDC = Monocyte-derived dendritic cell, MoD-Ma = Monocyte-derived macrophage, Neu = Neutrophil, NK = Natural killer cell, NKT = NK T cell, NKT-p = Proliferating NKT cell, nrMA = non-resident macrophage, pDC = Plasmacytoid dendritic cell, rMA = Resident macrophage, Treg = Regulatory T cell. UMAP demonstrating differential gene expression by disease severity and cell-type in the nasopharynx. (A) Clustering by COVID-19 severity, Blue = Control, Red= Mild/moderate disease, Green = Critical disease. Gene expression as determined by scRNA-seq of (B) AKT1, (C) ISG15. Figure generated using the dataset of Chua et al. and the UCSC Cell Browser (https://covid-airways.cells.ucsc.edu) [44, 65]