Fig. 3

Transcriptional alterations during the transition from DP to CP. (A) Volcano plot illustrating significant DEGs between CP and DP, with top genes highlighted. (B) Clustering analysis of DEGs between CP and DP. (C) Top Gene Ontology (GO) terms enriched among up- and down-regulated genes between CP and DP. (D) Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) delineates pivotal pathways modulated by DEGs between the CP and DP. (E) The interactions of the top 30 up-regulated and down-regulated DEGs were constructed using STRING (https://cn.string-db.org/) and visualized with Cytoscape. The colors represent the log2 fold change of DEGs (CP vs. DP). (F) Validation of DEGs during the transition from DP to CP using qPCR, with 10 samples in the DP group and 12 samples in the CP group (CP vs. DP, Student’s t-test). (G) Expression of IFI27 and RNASE2 between the CP group (n = 12) and normal group (n = 12) was measured using qPCR (CP vs. Normal, Student’s t-test). DP: diuretic phase; CP: convalescent phase; DEG: differentially expressed gene. Statistical significance is indicated as follows: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, NS represent not significant