Fig. 5

Leave-one-out plots of the causal impact of migraine on dementia. Leave-one-out plots show the association between any dementia (A), Alzheimer’s disease (B), vascular dementia (C), frontotemporal dementia (D), dementia with lewy bodies (E) and migraine when migraine is the risk factor, using IVs that excluded 1 SNP at a time from the overall instrumental variable or using IVW as an MR method to exclude all SNPs. Bars show effect size and 95% confidence interval