Fig. 4

Co-expression of the top 100 prioritised genes of the breast cancer GWAS using PascalX (outer circle) and a non-cancer cancer adipose-breast tissue-specific co-regulation model with Downstreamer (inner circle). Genes in the periphery are derived from the GWAS summary statistics using PascalX (potential peripheral genes; green nodes) while genes in the centre are derived with Downstreamer (potential ‘core’ genes; grey nodes). Edges are drawn when the co-regulation between genes has an absolute Z-score greater than two. Nodes with a red colour indicate known somatic cancer driver genes. Although some cancer drivers are prioritised by PascalX from GWAS summary statistics, the Downstreamer prioritisations point to new breast-specific cancer drivers that were not prioritised using only the GWAS data alone. For illustration purposes, the top 100 prioritised genes by Downstreamer and the top 100 PascalX genes prioritised genes by Downstreamer that are Bonferroni significant in their PascalX score are shown here